Introduction
A refrigerator compressor is an essential part of a refrigerator as it helps regulate the temperature and keep food cold. It’s important to ensure that the refrigerator compressor is working properly in order to keep food fresh and safe. Testing the refrigerator compressor can help diagnose any potential problems and help determine if repairs or replacement is necessary. This article will provide a step-by-step guide on how to test a refrigerator compressor using a multimeter, as well as tips for troubleshooting common issues.
Step-by-Step Process for Testing a Refrigerator Compressor
In order to test a refrigerator compressor, you will need a multimeter and some basic tools and materials. The following is a step-by-step process on how to test a refrigerator compressor:
Preparation
Before you begin, make sure that the refrigerator is unplugged and the power is turned off. Then, gather all the necessary tools and materials, such as a multimeter, screwdriver, wire cutters, and safety gloves. Once everything is ready, you can begin the testing process.
Connecting the Multimeter
Once the refrigerator is unplugged, use the screwdriver to remove the access panel from the back of the refrigerator. Locate the compressor, which is typically located near the bottom. Locate the two terminals on the compressor and connect the multimeter leads to them. Make sure the multimeter is set to measure resistance. If the multimeter has a “diode check” setting, this can also be used to test the compressor.
Testing the Compressor
Once the multimeter is connected, turn on the power and wait for the compressor to start running. When the compressor is running, take note of the readings on the multimeter. The normal reading should be between 0.2 and 0.6 ohms. If the reading is higher than 0.6 ohms, then there may be an issue with the compressor.
Interpreting the Results
The normal reading on the multimeter should be between 0.2 and 0.6 ohms. If the reading is higher than 0.6 ohms, then there is likely a problem with the compressor. Other possible readings include:
- 0.0 ohms – This indicates a short circuit, which means the compressor is not functioning properly.
- Infinity – This indicates an open circuit, which means there is no electrical connection between the two terminals.
If the reading is outside of the normal range, then further troubleshooting is necessary. It is important to note that if the readings are abnormal, it does not necessarily mean that the compressor needs to be replaced. In many cases, other components may be the cause of the problem.
Tips for Troubleshooting Common Issues with Refrigerator Compressors
If the readings from the multimeter indicate that the compressor is not functioning properly, there are several steps you can take to troubleshoot the issue. Here are a few tips to help you identify and fix common issues with refrigerator compressors:
Checking the Overload Relay
The overload relay is designed to protect the compressor from overheating. If the overload relay is faulty, it may be preventing the compressor from starting. To test the overload relay, use a multimeter to measure the resistance. If the resistance is too low, then the relay needs to be replaced.
Verifying the Capacitor is Functioning Properly
The capacitor helps start the compressor by providing the extra energy needed to get it going. If the capacitor is not functioning properly, then the compressor may not be able to start. To test the capacitor, use a multimeter to measure the capacitance. If the capacitance is too low, then the capacitor needs to be replaced.
Examining the Contacts of the Compressor
The contacts of the compressor can become corroded or dirty over time, which can prevent the compressor from starting. To test the contacts, use a multimeter to measure the resistance. If the resistance is too high, then the contacts need to be cleaned or replaced.
Replacing the Start Relay
The start relay helps the compressor start by providing the extra energy needed to get it going. If the start relay is faulty, then the compressor may not be able to start. To test the start relay, use a multimeter to measure the resistance. If the resistance is too low, then the start relay needs to be replaced.
Conclusion
Testing a refrigerator compressor is a relatively straightforward process that requires only a few basic tools and materials. By following the step-by-step guide provided above, you can easily test your refrigerator compressor and identify any potential issues. Additionally, the tips provided can help troubleshoot common issues with refrigerator compressors. However, if the issue persists after troubleshooting, it is best to contact a professional technician for further assistance.
